Dopo la triste notizia della scomparsa di Dick Dale, soprannominato “il re della chitarra surf”, ripercorriamo insieme la storia del suo brano più celebre, reso immortale quale colonna sonora del manifesto cinematografico di Quentin Tarantino, Pulp Fiction.
Le origini
Misirlou è un canto popolare della tradizione ellenica, inciso per la prima volta nel 1928 dal musicista Mike Patrinos. Il termine, derivato dalla lingua turca, la quale a sua volta lo ha mutuato dall’Arabo, significa letteralmente “ragazza egiziana”. La canzone è infatti una dichiarazione disperata d’amore di un uomo verso una ragazza, appunto, egiziana. Da questa canzone, sconosciuta al grande pubblico e dai tratti molto esotici, comincia la nostra storia.
La versione incisa da Patrinos quasi un secolo fa, rifacendosi alla tradizione popolare del suo paese, trovò subito larghissima diffusione nel mondo greco e fu poi portata in occidente dalle comunità di emigrati negli Stati Uniti.
L’arrivo negli States
Nel 1941 Nick Roubanis, musicista statunitense di origine greca, decise di riarrangiare questo brano della sua terra in versione Jazz strumentale. Eliminò il canto di amore, che era la tematica portante della versione di Patrinos, per lasciare parlare solo la musica, creando un ponte tra i due mondi, con un linguaggio comprensibile da tutti. Roubanis, forse anche in virtù dei grandi stravolgimenti apportati, si accreditò come autore del brano stesso.
Arriviamo nel 1962, in pieno periodo Rock ‘N Roll: la “Summer of Love” è ancora lontana e i Beatles suonano solo nei club di Liverpool, ma il panorama musicale è già in fase di grande rinnovamento. A trovare spazio in questo periodo è una sotto categoria del Rock delle origini, ovvero il cosiddetto Surf Rock, così noto poiché sviluppatosi principalmente in California, la patria mondiale dei surfisti.
(fonte boingboing.net)
La versione di Dick Dale
In quell’anno Richard Anthony Monsour, in arte Dick Dale, assieme alla fedele band dei Del- Tones, registra la sua versione di Misirlou, trasformando ancora una volta il canto d’amore greco in una strumentale feroce, distorta e acidissima. Il brano può essere oggi considerato a tutti gli effetti una pietra miliare e uno standard che, partendo dalla tradizione, segna qualcosa di completamente nuovo: il ritmo di batteria è il classico esempio utilizzato per identificare il “Surf Beat”, un accompagnamento in ottavi che segna un po’ la transizione tra lo swing Jazz, lo shuffle Blues e l’odierno ritmo Rock.
Ciò che rende veramente storico questo brano è la performance di Dale alla chitarra. L’artista infatti mette in pratica tutto il suo stile assolutamente personale ed anticonvenzionale nel suonare il brano (Dale era mancino ma suonava una chitarra per destrorsi).
La sua versione di Misirlou è inoltre probabilmente il primo brano registrato in cui si fa utilizzo del “tremolo picking”, tecnica fino a quel momento utilizzata solo dai chitarristi classici, che consiste nel pizzicare una corda ripetutamente il più veloce possibile, generando un effetto che, unito ad un uso massivo e anch’esso pionieristico del riverbero, genera un effetto sporco e spettrale. Questa tecnica verrà poi ripresa in seguito da tantissimi musicisti diventando un vero e proprio standard per generi come il Rock e Metal.
Il brano conferisce grande popolarità e lustro a Dick Dale, già conclamato “re della chitarra surf”, ma nonostante l’enorme seguito riscosso in California, non riesce a sfondare nelle classifiche nazionali e l’arrivo della “British Invasion” pochi anni più tardi lo metterà in ombra, facendolo cadere nel dimenticatoio come un rudere del passato.
Il riconoscimento tardivo con Tarantino
Inaspettatamente il meritato successo a livello mondiale arriverà solo 30 anni dopo, nel 1994, quando Quentin Tarantino, da sempre appassionato non solo di B movies ma anche di grandi brani dimenticati, lo inserirà nel film cult Pulp Fiction come opening, portandolo alle orecchie di milioni di spettatori in tutto il globo. Il ritmo veloce e i suoni ruvidi e distorti si accostano benissimo all’atmosfera truce e scabrosa del film, che all’epoca suscitò grande scandalo per il forte contenuto di violenza fisica e verbale.
(Fonte imdb.com)
Il nuovo successo con i Black Eyed Peas
La storia non finisce però qui, poiché nel 2006 i Black Eyed Peas decidono di campionare il brano ed utilizzarlo per la produzione del loro famoso singolo Pump It, successo commerciale straordinario che ad oggi conta oltre 421 milioni di ascolti su YouTube.
Ironia della sorte vuole però che tra gli autori accreditati del brano non figuri Dick Dale, mentre al suo posto viene citato Nick Roubanis per la versione incisa nel 1941.
(Il diritto d’autore è una balla colossale, concedetemelo).
Questa storia ci insegna tanto, non solo perché dimostra che le vie della musica sono infinite, ma anche che si può fare la storia ed innovare partendo da un classico della tradizione e facendolo proprio.
Misirlou è un brano che rappresenta tanto: il sincretismo culturale, l’unione di tradizione e innovazione, l’importanza della colonna sonora nei film e anche l’ironica giustizia della storia che può riconoscere i meriti anche dopo tanti anni. Dick Dale è uno degli eroi semi sconosciuti che ha influenzato la musica negli anni a venire e dispiace di poterlo ricordare solo oggi.
«Il Re è morto. Lunga vita al re!»
Un saluto, Nicolò Guelfi
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